Course Code: 007
As integral members of the health care team, medical laboratory technologists are trained to perform a broad spectrum of laboratory testing and procedures, playing a vital role in the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of disease. Based in large part on the national competency profile issued , this program trains students to become skilled in applying the scientific, technical, and medical principles needed to perform and evaluate laboratory testing in a health care setting. Medical laboratory technologists play an integral role in our health care system.
The first year of the Medical Laboratory Technology program consists of classroom instruction, laboratory training, and clinical site tours. The second year consists of theory instruction, laboratory training and an extensive clinical practicum at affiliated sites in attached hospitals or potentially sites outside of district. The practicum provides a range of clinical experiences where students are given opportunities to develop and integrate the necessary knowledge, skills and attitudes in a practical setting. During the last week of the term, students will attend GOLDEN TEST to write practice competency-based exams in preparation for challenging the SMF/UNIVERSITY certification exam.
Students in this program require access to a personal computer and the Internet.
Eligibility
Male/Female candidates who have passed XII class (H.S.S.E) with science / N.O.S. are eligible. Candidates studying / discontinued 10 + 2+3 / Intermediate / equivalent are also eligible
Age limit
Students should not be more than 35 years of age as on 1st JANUARY of year of admission.
Course programme
Duration of course is 02 years (24 Months)
Which includes 12 months-Class room study and internal practical during first year.
The second year includes class room study, internal lab
practical and hospital trainings including field/community
medical tours in the adjacent and far-flung areas.
Medium of instruction : English/urdu
Documents to be produced at the time of admission
H. S.S.E (XII class) Marks Memo
Transfer Certificate
Migration Certificate
Date of birth proof certificate
Caste certificate ( for S.T, S.C & B.C. C students)
Income certificate ( " )
Documents to be attached with the admission form:
· 07 xerox copies of each of the following testimonials ;
10 +2 marks sheet , Date of Birth certificate , state subject ,caste certificate if any , income certificate.
· Three self addressed postal envelopes worth ten rupees stamp affixed.
· Ten latest passport size photographs ,dully paste two on admission form & eight to be pinned with the form.
Fee Structure :
01. First Installment : Rs 25,000/ (At the time of Admission.)
02. Second Installment : Rs 20,000/ (At the time of 1st April - 10th April -2019
03. Third installment : Rs 15,000/ (At the time of 1st July - 10th July-2019)
04. Fourth installment : Rs 15,000/ (At the time of 1st Oct - 10th Oct. -2019)
clinic Charges : Rs 5000/
Total = Rs 80,000 /
Note: The delay in the payments should be charged by the late fee of 10% of the balance of that time if exceeded by one week and after that a stern action should be taken as per the norms of the college which may even expel the student from the on rolls.
Examination /RR charges ; As per JKSPMNC schedule on the date of their respective notifications.
Records
Following are the minimum records, which should be maintained by the student in the college
1. Admission Record
2. Health Record
3. Class Attendance Record
4. Clinical and Field Experience Record
5. Internal Assessment record for both theory and practical
6. Mark lists (State Council/ SMF- Results)
7. Records of extra curricular activities of student (both in the college as well as outside)
8. Leave Record
9. Practical Record Books – Anatomy Record Book , Practical books for Nutrition ,Microbiology & Pharmacology ,Laboratory Procedures & techniques Book to be maintained as prescribed by MCI/INC /SMF.
10.Cumulative Record
Record of educational programmes organized for teaching faculty and student, both in the College as well as outside.
Course Career
Diploma holders / Graduates find work as medical laboratory technologists in hospital or high volume laboratories, as well as in research labs and scientific supply companies.
Program Description :
The Medical Laboratory Technician program encompasses the performance and evaluation of scientific tests on body fluids. The results of laboratory tests determine the presence of disease, aid in treatment, and monitor therapy. This is a dynamic profession that changes as new medical knowledge is discovered. Medical Laboratory Technicians, have the technical expertise necessary to perform a wide variety of routine and specialized tests on patient specimens to help the physician in the diagnosis and treatment of disease. To do this, the MLT uses the latest biomedical instruments, often interfaced with computers to generate accurate, reliable tests results. It is the goal of this course of study to equip the students with the necessary knowledge and skills to perform competently in a medical laboratory in all areas of laboratory diagnosis. Students who graduate from this program of study are also equipped to write the American Society of Clinical Pathology International certification examination for Medical Laboratory Technician.
II. Program Goals
1. Provide the didactic and clinical experience necessary to acquire knowledge in Clinical Laboratory Science and General Education subjects.
2. Insure that, upon completion of the program, students are competent at the career entry level and have the knowledge and background to successfully prepare them for employment.
3. Provide a sense of responsibility and professionalism when interacting with patients, peers, fellow employees, and other health care providers.
4. Communicate effectively and professionally and to prepare the student to function as part of a team.
5. Instruct students in the analysis and interpretation of waived laboratory tests.
6. Produce an understanding in the student of the importance of continuing education and professional awareness.
7. Instill the importance of honesty and professionalism in the workplace.
III. General Competencies
By the end of this program, the student should be able to:
A. Demonstrate an understanding of the history of the clinical laboratory and the Professionalism
B. Exhibit behavior consistent with the ethical practice of clinical laboratory medicine. C. Maintain confidentiality of all patients and test results.
desired in clinical laboratory personnel.
D. Demonstrate an appreciation for the special knowledge and talent of other members of The health care team.
E. Explain the transmission of the AIDS (HIV) virus and state how the virus affects the Immune system.
F. In addition to the HIV virus, name other pathogens that could be transmitted by blood Or body fluids and demonstrate procedures to safely handle these specimens.
G. Evaluate quality control values and fulfill the requirements of national and international laboratory standards.
H. Safely process clinical specimens according to established procedures.
I. Perform pipetting techniques with accuracy and safety.
J. Operate basic laboratory equipment, such as microscopes, centrifuges and Spectrophotometers and automated analyzers safely and according to established procedures, using only necessary supplies to maximize resources.
K. Correctly demonstrate standard isolation techniques, using only necessary supplies to maximize resources.
L. Exhibit an understanding of safety hazards in the laboratory and demonstrate the proper techniques to avoid accidents.
M. Take vital signs and perform POCT.
N. Perform basic laboratory procedures in chemistry, hematology, urinalysis, Immuno haematology, immunology and microbiology.
O. Explain accreditation and certification.
P. Identify and use basic medical terminology as it applies to the clinical laboratory.
Q. Use basic metric systems for laboratory procedures.
IV. Methods of Presentation
Lecture
Discussion
Audio-Visual materials
5 Demonstration
Laboratory Practice
Field Trips
V. Textbooks: ,
1. Scanlon, Valerie; Sanders, Tina, Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology, Fourth Edition, 2003, FA Davis Company.
2. Linne, Jean Jorgenson; Ringsrud, Karen Munson, Clinical Laboratory Science; The basics and routine techniques, Fourth Edition, 1999, Mosby.
3. Stepp, Craig; Woods, Maryann, Laboratory Procedures for Medical Office Personnel, 1998.
4. Pommerville, Jeffrey, Alcomo’s Laboratory Fundamentals of Microbiology, Seventh Edition, 2005.
VI. Program Requirements, Examinations and Grading
A. Dress Code - The student will be expected to attend class clean and neatly dressed.
A Laboratory coat will be needed by each student and it must be worn buttoned during laboratory sessions. The student will use the same coat throughout the term. .
B. Student Evaluation 1. Measurement, Written - Three (3) written examinations will be given over lecture Material and the accompanying laboratory exercises, and will comprehensively Assess the student's knowledge of concepts, principles, techniques and procedures as related to the instructional material. The student will be required to write two Summaries on articles from professional journals or the Internet relating to the Course material. 2. Measurement, Practical - Points are awarded for the successful completion of Laboratory exercises as related to the specific objectives for each exercise. 3. Determination of Final Grade a. Test 70 % of final grade 1) Test = 70% 2) Final Exam = 20% 3) Two summaries = 10% b. Laboratory = 33% of final grade 1) Completion of labs 2) T w o practical exams 3) Review of Safety Manual All laboratory exercises and study questions must be organized and turned In at end of the term, preferably in a binder or notebook, for validation by the 6 Instructor. Incomplete = to receive an "I”, a student must have a passing average (70% or better) and have completed at least 80% of the course work.
VII. Attendance Policy
Attendance is required at all times and arrival by the beginning of the class period is Expected. Roll will be taken at every class and laboratory meeting. The student is required to notify an instructor if an absence is anticipated. If absences exceed two (2), the student will be dropped from the course unless there are EXTREMELY extenuating circumstances. A student who is fifteen (15) minutes late is considered tardy. Three (3) tardies constitute One absence. It is the student's responsibility to keep track of his/her attendance record and all assignments, materials, examinations, etc., missed. VIII. Failure or Dismissal from this Course Grading Scheme A = 90-100% B = 80-89% C = 70-79% D = 60-69% F = 59% and below A. A minimum grade of “C” (70%) is required in both the lecture and laboratory Components of this course to remain on the program. B. Any student may be dropped from this course due to excessive absences and/or Consistently failing to meet class assignments, for disruptive conduct during lecture or Lab or for displaying conduct detrimental to the ethics of medical laboratory technology. C. The instructors and lecturers understand that learning in group situations can be Beneficial. However, each student is expected to demonstrate his/her own competency By doing his/her own work. Any student caught cheating on examinations, on Unknowns or sharing lab results will be subject to disciplinary action, and possible withdrawal from the program.
I.X Special Laboratory Requirements
A. All laboratory exercises must be read before attending the laboratory period.
B. Safety Regulations Blood, urine, and other biological specimens possibly containing pathogenic organisms Will be used in this course; therefore, the following precautions must be observed: 7
1. Proper Hand washing Procedure a. Wet hands and apply a small amount of an antiseptic soap (3-5 ml). b. Vigorously lather hands and rub together for at least 15 seconds. c. Wash well between fingers and up the wrists. d. Rinse well with a moderate stream of water in a downward motion. e. Dry with a paper towel and use the towel to turn off the faucet. Dry Skin adequately to avoid dermatitis. Alcohol hand rinse or foam products may also be used for decontaminating the Hands whenever clean running water are not available. Frequent hand washing can be very damaging to the skin's normal protective Mechanisms by damaging or cracking skin, altering its pH, or changing its normal Flora. Recent studies suggest that frequent application of hand lotion may reduce this damage; lab personnel, therefore, are encouraged to use it. This may be difficult, however, as one should avoid applying hand lotion immediately after washing, right before giving direct patient care, or right before handling of sensitive instruments or equipment. Lotions might interfere with the residual action of the antimicrobial hand washing products.
2. Standard Precautions Since medical history and examination cannot reliably identify the infectivity of all patients' blood and body fluids, standard precautions should be followed for all Patients. The concept of standard (universal) precautions was first introduced in 1987 by the Center for Disease Control (CDC) to decrease the occupational risks of blood-borne diseases such as AIDS and hepatitis B to healthcare workers. The application of standard precautions is continually evolving; all body fluids may soon be handled with the same precautions as blood. This further application is already occurring in some labs, and is known as Body Substance Isolation.
3. Precautions specific for clinical laboratories:
a. Use barrier protection routinely to prevent skin and mucous membrane contamination with blood or other body fluids.
b. Wear gloves: 1) When cuts, scratches, or other breaks in skin are present. 2) When performing phlebotomy. 3) When collecting capillary blood specimens. 4) Anytime it appears that contamination of the hands may occur.
c. Change gloves after each patient contact or when visibly Contaminated with blood.
d. Wear a mask, eye glasses or goggles, or face shield during procedures that are likely to generate droplets of blood or other body fluids to prevent exposure of the mucous membranes of the mouth, nose, and eyes. 8
e. Wear a fluid-resistant gown, apron, or other covering when there is a potential for splashing or spraying of blood or body fluids onto the body.
f. Wash hands or other skin surfaces thoroughly and immediately if contaminated with blood or other body fluids.
g. Wash hands immediately after gloves have been removed even when no external contamination has occurred. Organisms on the hands multiply rapidly in the warm moist environment within the glove.
h. Handle laboratory instruments, especially needles and scalpel blades, with extreme caution.
i. Place used needles, disposable syringes, skin lancets, scalpel blades, and other sharp items into a puncture-resistant biohazard container for disposal. The container should be located as close as possible to the work area.
j. Needles should not be recapped, purposely bent, cut, broken, removed from disposable syringes, or otherwise manipulated by hand. If recapping is unavoidable (blood gas syringes, etc.), do it with one hand and use great caution.
k. Place large-bore reusable needles (bone marrow, biopsy needles, etc.) and other reusable sharp objects into a puncture-resistant container for transport to the reprocessing area.
l. Use mouth pieces, resuscitation bags, or other ventilation devices during emergency resuscitation procedures.
m. Exudative lesions or weeping dermatitis should be covered with an Occlusive dressing to prevent contamination.
n. All specimens of blood and body fluids should be put in well constructed Containers with secure lids to prevent leaking during transport. Care should be taken when collecting each specimen to avoid contaminating the outside of the container and the laboratory form accompanying the Specimen.
o. Use biological safety hoods (Class 1 or 2) for procedures that have a high potential for generating droplets (e.g., blending, sonicating, and vortexing).
p. Fill evacuation tubes, vials, and bottles by using their internal vacuum only. If a syringe is used, the fluid should be transferred to an evacuation tube by puncturing the diaphragm of the rubber stopper and allowing the correct amount of fluid to flow slowly into the tube along the wall. The tube should not be hand held when puncturing the top. Never force fluid into an evacuation tube by exerting pressure on the syringe plunger. 9
q. Use mechanical pipettes for manipulating all liquids (including body fluids, chemicals, or reagents) in the laboratory.
r. Decontaminate all laboratory work areas with an appropriate chemical germicide after a spill of blood or other body fluids and when work activities are completed. Laboratory countertops should be disinfected at least once per shift.
s. Rinse off all body fluids from reusable contaminated equipment prior to reprocessing according to your institution policies.
t. Clean and decontaminate scientific equipment that has been contaminated with blood or other body fluids before being repaired in the laboratory or transported to the manufacturer. Always follow manufacturer's recommendations.
u. Pregnant laboratory workers are not thought to be at greater risk of infection than others in the laboratory. However, if an infection does develop during pregnancy or the mother is a carrier prior to the pregnancy, the infant is at risk of infection by perinatal transmission. Therefore, pregnant laboratory workers should be especially aware of standard precautions. C. Microscopes will be assigned. They must be cleaned and properly stored or points will be deducted from lab grade.
D. General Comments
1. Most exercises will take
2 or more laboratory periods to complete. It will be necessary, therefore, to bring each laboratory exercise to every laboratory period.
2. Each person will be responsible for his/her own work (no sharing results) and for cleaning up his/her own work area.